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November 22, 2022

Ashtech Gnss Solutions With Crack Serial 82

Atmospheric Rivers (AR) can be described as a long narrow feature within a warm conveyor belt where anomalous precipitable water (PW) is transported from low to high latitudes. Close monitoring of ARs is heavily reliant on satellites, which are limited both in space and time, to capture the fluctuations PW particularly over the ocean. Ship-based Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers have been successful in obtaining millimeter PW accuracy within 100 km from the nearest ground-based reference receiver at a 30 second sampling rate. We extended this capability with a field experiment using ship-based GPS PW on board a cargo ship to traverse over the Eastern Pacific Ocean. In one 14-day cruise cycle, between the periods of February 3-16, 2014, the ship-based GPS captured PW spikes >50 mm during the early development of two ARs, which lead to moderate to heavy rainfall events for Hawaii and flood conditions along the West Coast of the United States. Comparisons between PW solutions processed using different GPS reference sites at distances 100-2000 km provided an internal validation for the ship-based GPS PW with errors typically less than 5 mm. Land-based observations provided an external validation and are in good agreement with ship-based GPS PW at distances <100 km from the coast, a zone heavily trafficked by cargo containers and a challenge area for satellite retrievals. From these preliminary results, commercial ship-based GPS receivers offer an extremely cost-effective approach for acquiring continuous meteorological observations over the oceans, which can provide important calibration/validation data for satellite retrieval algorithms. Ship-based systems could be particularly useful for augmenting our meteorological observing networks to improve weather prediction and nowcasting, which in turn provide critical support for hazard response and mitigation efforts in coastal regions.

This paper presents a collection of GPS solutions based on UTC(g) time-series with a period of just over one day. These time-series contain the IGS C04 solution (Ionospheric Assessment with Stationaries) and the GPS satellite ephemeris (the Satellite Position Information Service (SPI)). The ephemeris was used as an origin, and each time-series was computed for a single hour from 1 to 12h00 of each UTC(g). The C04 solutions were then filtered, using the GPS-based Dynamic Processing Algorithm (DPA) of the HI Precise Point Positioning (HI-PPP) software. The resulting time-series were then merged and interpolated with a cubic spline. In this paper we show the degree of precision to which the ‘Riverside’ (RV) model, the ‘Model C’ of C04, can be extended with the HI-PPP DPA. The RV is defined by a linear combination of the standard atmospherically influenced corrections, together with an offset defined by a Doppler rate of about 1.0 c/s, which is also the apparent rotational rate of the earth. The HI-PPP DPA allows the use of the spatially and spectrally varying rotational rate of the earth, together with the inertial effects of orbit variation.
Atmospheric Rivers (AR) can be described as a long narrow feature within a warm conveyor belt where anomalous precipitable water (PW) is transported from low to high latitudes. Close monitoring of ARs is heavily reliant on satellites, which are limited both in space and time, to capture the fluctuations PW particularly over the ocean. Ship-based Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers have been successful in obtaining millimeter PW accuracy within 100 km from the nearest ground-based reference receiver at a 30 second sampling rate. We extended this capability with a field experiment using ship-based GPS PW on board a cargo ship to traverse over the Eastern Pacific Ocean. In one 14-day cruise cycle, between the periods of February 3-16, 2014, the ship-based GPS captured PW spikes >50 mm during the early development of two ARs, which lead to moderate to heavy rainfall events for Hawaii and flood conditions along the West Coast of the United States. Comparisons between PW solutions processed using different GPS reference sites at distances 100-2000 km provided an internal validation for the ship-based GPS PW with errors typically less than 5 mm. Land-based observations provided an external validation and are in good agreement with ship-based GPS PW at distances
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Ashtech Gnss Solutions With Crack Serial 82 LINK 🔍

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